The Proeger Family · Generation 7 — Earl's earliest known

John Covey Howard

Probable father of Matilda Pauline Howard · born about 1806

John Covey Howard

Probable

Probable father of Matilda Pauline Howard · born about 1806

Born
about 1806
Parents
John Howard & Mary Risner
Married
Matilda Brock
Sources
10

Research status

Research status: PROBABLE — added 24 September 2026 and entered in the family tree the same day, labelled probable there too; no record states Matilda Pauline Howard's parentage in words. The evidence: the 1850 Harlan County census has “Paulina, 5” in John C. Howard's household (relationships not stated) S967; her 6 March 1865 wedding to Solomon Brock was held “at John C. Howard's” S151; and the Kentucky death records of Hiram B. Howard (1915) S455 and Jacob Howard (1933) name their parents as John Covey Howard and Matilda Brock

Evidence: Paulina, 5, in his 1850 household; her 1865 wedding at his house; two sons' death records naming him. Weak or missing: No record names Matilda Pauline as his daughter. Not yet confirmed. Know more? Confirm or correct this →

Life in the order the records give it

Birth1806
Born about 1806; of Pucketts Creek, Harlan County, Kentucky; died 1899
Census1860
🆕 In 1860 he was a farmer in Harlan County, 53, with land worth $2,000, a wife Mary, 35, and Elizabeth, 17. The rest of the household is on the next page, which has not been read. Mary was his second wife, after Matilda's death about 1855; the 1861 birth register below gives her maiden name, Morris S461. added 25 September 2026.
Census1880
🆕 In 1880 he was 72, farming in Harlan County, with his wife Polly, 45, and her father Littleton Morris, 80. He gave his father's birthplace as North Carolina and his mother's as Virginia S548. added 25 September 2026.
Census1870
🆕 In 1870 he was 64, a farmer in Harlan County with land worth $1,500, living with Mary, 37, keeping house; Jacob, 22, the son whose 1933 death record names him; and six others aged 3 to 18, whose relationships are not stated S625. The Harlan County birth register names the mother of his daughter Sarah, born 15 September 1861, as Mary Morris S626. So his second wife, the Mary of 1860 and 1870 and the Polly of 1880 who lived with her father Littleton Morris, was Mary Morris. added 26 September 2026.
Census1840
🆕 In 1840 John C. Howard headed a Harlan County household of eleven: a man of 30 to 40, as he would be if born about 1806, a man of 20 to 30, two women of 20 to 30, and seven children. Jacob, Larkin, Samuel and Wilkerson Howard lived nearby S642. The census names only the head. added 26 September 2026.
Census1850
🆕 The 1850 census page itself has now been read: he was 45, a farmer with $1,200 in land, in Harlan County, dwelling and family 342, with Michael, John, Larkin, Hiram, Nancy, Elizabeth, Mary, Paulina and Jacob, and no adult woman in the house Confirmed S967. The census gives no relationships. added 29 September 2026

Family parents, marriages, children, siblings

Marriage
Husband of Matilda Brock
Parents1850
🆕 His parents: John Howard and Mary Risner Probable confirm or correct →. A query in Howards in Kentucky, p. 127, by his great-granddaughter Sudie F. Spillman of Harlan, names “their second son John Covey”, with brothers Larkin, William, Michael and Robert S864; his 1850 household includes a Larkin and a Michael S865. Accepted by Earl as probable; what is weak: the query is compiled and unsourced. added 28 September 2026.

Open questions what is probable, weak or missing — confirm or correct it

Probable
Probable father of Matilda Pauline Howard, who married Solomon Alfred Brock and was the mother of Iona Belle Brock

John Covey Howard · Sources

Citations

Sources cited on this card

10 of the record's sources are cited here. The numbering is the record's own; the full list, with where else each is cited, is at Sources.

  1. S151Harlan County, Kentucky marriage register — Salomon A. Brock and Matildia Howard, 6 March 1865. Ancestry collection 61372 (Kentucky, U.S., County Marriage Records, 1783–1965), record 902259827, image TH-1971-28951-10144-30, register opening pp. 98–99. Read from the image at full resolution — 4320 × 3837 px, 72/72 DeepZoom tiles, 21 September 2026. Their line, verbatim: "Salomon A Brock — Matildia Howard", by whom married left as ditto marks, "march 6 1865", then John C. Howard, Lenard Farmer, J. W. Foster. 🔑 The marriage is on a register for the first time. Until now this site carried only the 1900 census's bare "married 35 years" [S138]. 🔑 And her maiden surname is documentary: the clerk writes Matildia Howard, where before Howard came off a member-submitted photograph's filename. 🔴 STRUCTURAL FINDING — the form is a SCHOOL-CENSUS SHEET REPURPOSED AS A MARRIAGE REGISTER, and the column semantics are genuinely uncertain. The printed headings (CENSUS REPORT OF SCHOOL CHILDREN, Signature of Parents Guardians or Heads of Families, Post Office Address of Parent, Guardian, Etc.) are struck through in ink and overwritten by hand as MARRIAGE REGISTER · PARTIES NAMES · BY WHOME MARRIED · Date · PLACE OF MARRIAGE · NAME O WITTNESS · PRESENT. The two schemes do not line up, so the cell holding John C. Howard reads either as place of marriage, given as a householder's name, or as the printed parent or guardian column. Preferred reading: PLACE OF MARRIAGE — it is the only one consistent across neighbouring rows, which put the bride's own surname in that cell both times (Sarah Hulton above; Littleton Marcum below, for Silas J. Howard — Emily Marcum). ⚠ The rejected reading is the valuable one, which is exactly why it is hedged and not asserted: it would make John C. Howard her FATHER. A portrait of a John C. Howard is already published here off a member tree. This page does not settle it. ⚠ CRITICAL NEGATIVE: this register has no age column, no birthplace column and no parentage column, so it cannot touch the 1847-versus-1848 question. The Owsley County register [S143] has those columns; Kentucky county registers of this period are not uniform. ⚠ The officiant is not recoverable — her by whom married cell is ditto marks and the run is long. 🔑 SUPPLEMENT, 22 September 2026 — the register re-read across BOTH leaves, and the right leaf carries everything. Ancestry indexes only the left leaf. The right leaf's PLACE OF MARRIAGE column reads "John C. Howard" for this couple — and the column names the bride's father's household on every row checked above and below (Sarah Helton above; Littleton Marcum below, for Silas J. Howard — Emily Marcum). This is a SECOND INDEPENDENT CHAIN to John C. Howard as Matilda's father, alongside the 1860 Harlan household [S165] — and the death certificate of the couple's eldest daughter names her mother's maiden name as Matilda Howard [S170]. 🔑 John C. Howard was a JUSTICE OF THE PEACE, officiating at other marriages in this same register. 🔑 New from the right leaf: witness Lenard Farmer, and J. W. Forster in the third column. ⚠ Two chains are still not a statement of parentage. No document read says Matilda was John C. Howard's daughter in words; the sheet PRECEDING image 4230650_00446 carries the head of dwelling 822 and has not been pulled. The row stays open in the review queue.
  2. S455Kentucky, U.S., Death Records, 1852–1965 — Hiram B. Howard, Harlan County, 1915. Ancestry record 751259890. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed Hiram B. Howard, born 23 November 1837, son of John Cony [Covey] Howard and Matilda Brock; informant H. H. Howard of Wallins Creek. The image behind the site's existing statement that his death record names John Covey Howard and Matilda Brock as his parents.
  3. S4611860 U.S. Federal Census — John C. Howard household, Harlan County, Kentucky, p. 125 (P.O. Harlan Courthouse). Ancestry record 39162629. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed John C. Howard, 53, farmer, real estate $2,000, personal $1,000; wife Mary, 35; Elizabeth, 17. The household continues on the next page, which has not been read. A wife Mary aged 35 fits Matilda Brock having died about 1855, so this is probably a second marriage.
  4. S5481880 U.S. Federal Census — J. C. Howard household, Harlan County, Kentucky. Ancestry record 42076005. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed J. C. Howard, 72, farmer, father born North Carolina, mother born Virginia; wife Polly, 45; Sarah, Lucinda, Madison; a divorced daughter Idras, 24, with two children; Littleton Morris, 80, father-in-law.
  5. S6251870 U.S. census — District No. 1, Harlan County, Kentucky, p. 22 (Mt. Pleasant post office). Ancestry record 22067980. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed Dwelling 144, enumerated 8 July 1870: John C. Howard, 64, farmer, real estate $1,500, personal estate $200; Mary, 37, keeping house; Idres (female), 14; Henry, 12; Jacob, 22, attending school; Sarah, 7; Lucinda, 3; Newberry, 18, farm labourer; Ary (female), 15; all born Kentucky. Relationships are not stated. The Ancestry index makes Mary one of the children; she is 37 and keeping house.
  6. S626Kentucky birth register, Harlan County, 1861. Ancestry record 150320612. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed 15 September [1861]: Sarah S.(?) Howard, female, born Harlan County; father John C. Howard; mother's maiden name Mary Morris; both parents born and living in Harlan County. The child's middle initial could be S or L.
  7. S6421840 U.S. census — Harlan County, Kentucky. Ancestry record 1263253. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed John C. Howard, head: males under 5, 3; 5–10, 2; 20–30, 1; 30–40, 1; females under 5, 1; 10–15, 1; 20–30, 2. Neighbours Jacob, Larkin, Samuel and Wilkerson Howard. A tally census: only the head is named.
  8. S864Howards in Kentucky, p. 127 (query column). Ancestry U.S. Family History Books, collection 62282, record 4449409226 (image 85982_fl5042582_2449242-00132). Image examined, read 28 September 2026. Probable “Sudie F. Spillman, Harlan, Kentucky, is a Howard descendant and is trying to trace her line from John Howard of Virginia, born about 1774, d. 1822. Married Mary Risner, Scott County, Virginia. Their first child ‘Larkin’ was born in Tennessee about 1802. Their daughter Sarah married Rice Johnston. Their second son John Covey is Sudie's great-grandfather. The other sons were William, Michael, and Robert. Robert was born after his father's death. The other daughters were Elizabeth, Phoebe, and Catherine.” A descendant's query, not a sourced genealogy.
  9. S865FamilySearch index, 1850 U.S. census — John C. Howard household, Harlan County, Kentucky. FamilySearch ark:/61903/1:1:M657-CYX. Index only; no image read (checked 28 September 2026). Probable John C. Howard, born about 1805, Kentucky, with Michael, John, Larkin, Hiram, Nancy, Elizabeth, Mary, Paulina and Jacob. Index only; relationships are not stated. The names Larkin and Michael match brothers named in the Howards in Kentucky query (S864).
  10. S9671850 United States Federal Census — Harlan County, Kentucky, dwelling and family 342 (August 1850). Ancestry record 17189094. Image examined in the Stage 2 reading, 24 September 2026. Confirmed John C. Howard, 45, farmer, real estate $1,200, born Kentucky; Michael 18, John 16, Larkin 15, Hiram 13, Nancy 10, Elizabeth 9, Mary 7, Paulina 5 and Jacob 3, all born Kentucky. No adult woman is in the household. Next door (343) is Aaron Brock, 64, born Virginia. The image behind the index in S865. The 1850 census states no relationships. Mary 7, Paulina 5 and Jacob 3 reappear in 1860 as Mary 15, Matilda 13 and Jacob 11 (S165), which is why Paulina is taken to be Matilda Pauline Howard. Her age here points to 1845; the site keeps 1847 from four later censuses, since all three children run two years older here than in 1860. Collection: 1850 United States Federal Census (db 8054, image 4192493_00364).

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Compiled for the Proeger family

Living adults appear by name and relationship, with the year only: no full date of birth and no home town on any page that search engines index, and a living person’s own page is kept out of search engines. Minors appear by name only — no date of birth, no birth year, no age, no school, no place, no address, no other identifying detail. A minor may be named and may appear in a family photograph; nothing further about them is published. Where it is not established whether someone is an adult or a minor, the minor rule applies.

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