Contents
Whose family are you here for?
Showing both families — every line on the page. Pick a side to hide the other
family's ancestors; Earl, Kristin and their three children stay on either way.
Person · James Brock
The record
- HHomethe fan · what changed · open questions
- MMigrationbirths and deaths on a map, by decade
- TTimeline609 entries · 5 eras
- PPeople290 cards, by generationJames Brock
- LLines13 surname pages
The evidence
- DDocuments896 thumbnails, filterable
- SSourcesS1–S1207, with where each is cited
The findings
- How the wall came downProeger line
- The glass patentsProeger line
- How the Caffey half was closedCaffey line
- What the DNA saysits own page
- Four routesMigration
- The asymmetryLines
- Open questions20 questions
- Add to this recorda form, read by Earl
How to read this record
Every claim is tagged
Most family trees flatten everything into the same confident typeface. This one does not.
The three research tags below are the whole point of the exercise: they say what a document
proves, what the weight of evidence suggests, and what nobody has found yet. A fourth marks
what the family stated directly, where no document has been retrieved at all — it is kept
separate on purpose and is never quietly promoted to confirmed. A fifth, added on
13 September 2026, marks biological evidence: a DNA result is not a document, and it is not
testimony either. Two further labels mark where this page withholds information
rather than lacking it.
ConfirmedAttested by a document that was actually retrieved and read — a census sheet, a
government index, a grave marker, a family-written obituary.
ProbableStrongly supported but not nailed down: a user-contributed tree, a masked index field,
or a chain of consistent circumstances. Believable, not proven.
Not foundSearched for and not located. This is a statement about the search, not about the
person — the record may well exist somewhere unsearched.
Family testimonySupplied by the family and recorded on their word — no document has been retrieved for
it. Note the diamond rather than the dot: this is provenance, not proof, and it stands
apart from the three record tags above S24.
DNA evidenceBiological evidence consistent with a claim. It corroborates origins; it does
not by itself establish a person or a link. Note the bar rather than a dot or a diamond:
no DNA result on this page is ever counted as confirmed, because no document
was read for it S46.
Living — withheldThe person is living. By the privacy rule for this page, name and relationship are
shown, and at most a year the family has already published. Full dates of birth, ages,
places of residence and record identifiers are held back.
Research in progressA branch that is actively being worked on. The node exists in the structure so the
shape of the family is honest; the detail is simply not in yet.
Person · James Brock
Skip to sources ↧- Born
- about 1804
- Married
- Elizabeth "Betsy" Brock
- Sources
- 8
Research status
Research status: PROBABLE — added 24 September 2026 and entered in the family tree the same day, labelled probable there too; no record states Solomon Alfred Brock's parentage in words. Solomon, 12 then 22, is in James Brock's household in the 1850 Harlan County census (dwelling 381: James 45, farmer, Elizabeth 46)
S169 and the 1860 Laurel County census (dwelling 760: James 56, U.B. clergyman, Elizabeth 57)
S167, with the same brothers and sisters both times; and his sister Sabra Brock Wilson's Kentucky death record (1930) names her parents as James Brock and Elizabeth Brock
Evidence: The 1850 and 1860 Kentucky censuses with Solomon in his home, a daughter's 1930 death record, and the 1880 Clay County census (a cooper, next door to William and Sabra Wilson). Weak or missing: No record calls Solomon his son, and his own father is only a same-page 1830 census neighbour. Not yet confirmed. Know more? Confirm or correct this →
Life in the order the records give it
Birth1804
Born about
1804, Kentucky; a farmer at Harlan County in 1850 and a United Brethren clergyman in Laurel County in 1860
S169S167Census1830
🆕 In 1830 he is on line 1 of the Harlan County census: a man and a woman aged 20–30 and three boys under five. A
James Brock Senr, a couple aged 50–60, is on the same page and is a candidate for his father; that is not proven
S462. His probable daughter Elizabeth Hoskins, born 26 April 1831, named him and “Betsy Howard” as her parents on her 1911 death certificate
S454. added 25 September 2026.
Census1880
🆕 In 1880 he was 74, a
cooper, at Bull Skin, Clay County, Kentucky, with Elizabeth, 76; he gave his parents' birthplace as
Virginia. William Wilson and Sabra lived next door
S581. Elizabeth was a widow by 1900
S580. added 25 September 2026.
Census1870
🆕 In 1870 he was 66, a
minister of the gospel, in Buffalo Precinct, Owsley County, Kentucky, with Elizabeth, 64, and Hiram Hoskins, 13, and Lee Hoskins, 2, whose relationship is not stated. William H. and Sabra Wilson lived two doors away
S630. His and Elizabeth's ages advance exactly from 1850 and 1860. added 26 September 2026.
Family parents, marriages, children, siblings
Open questions what is probable, weak or missing — confirm or correct it
Probable
🆕 Probably his household in 1840:
James Brock, head, in Harlan County, Kentucky, with a man and a woman aged 30–40, two boys under five, and five other children
Probable confirm or correct → S1160. The evidence is the county, the same as the 1850 household
S169, and the ages: he was born about 1804, Elizabeth about 1803, and Solomon Alfred in 1837 or 1838. What is weak: the 1840 census names only the head and gives tallies, not names, so nothing on the page proves this is the same James. Jesse Brock Jr. and Amy Brock lived on the same sheet, with five Howard households close by, which fits “Betsy Howard” as Elizabeth’s maiden name
S454 but proves no kinship. If you know more, use “Add to this record”.
In the record
Generation 7 — Earl's earliest known
- S1671860 U.S. Federal Census — James Brock household, County of Laurel, State of Kentucky. Ancestry collection 7667, record 39738881, image
4231191_00444. SCHEDULE 1.—Free Inhabitants, enumerated the 25th day of July 1860 by J. R. Martin, Ass't Marshal; page 112, dwelling 760, family 714, lines 9–17. Read from the image at full resolution — 2237 × 2930 px, 22 September 2026. Brock, James, 56, U.B. Clergym'n, $700 real and $152 personal, born Ky; Elizabeth, 57; Caleb 26 (farm labor, $82); Sabrey A. 24; Soleman, 22, farm labor, $50; Mary J. 19; Mahala 17; Carline C. 13; Hetia C. 10 — all born Ky. 🔑 A CANDIDATE sixth generation on a line that had none. PROEGER-TREE.md records the Brock side of Generation 6 as unknown: Solomon Alfred Brock has no parents on the tree. This sheet puts him at 22 in the household of James and Elizabeth Brock with seven others of the surname, and the 1850 Harlan County sheet [S169] shows the same couple with the same children ten years earlier and Solomon at 12. ⚠ The hedge is the whole point and it is stated plainly: a census names a household, not a parentage. No record read in this research says son of, so it was published as a CANDIDATE — not probable, not confirmed. Updated 24 September 2026: approved as PROBABLE and entered in the family tree, labelled probable there too. 🔑 James Brock was a United Brethren minister — U.B. Clergym'n in the occupation column, against page totals of $3,200 and $2,000, with a second U.B. clergyman, B. Cochins, 78, born Georgia, at line 2 of the same page. The first religious vocation anywhere in the Brock line. 🔑 Solomon is a farm labourer at 22 with $50 to his name — ten years before he is Teaching School in Arkansas [S153]. 🔑 Laurel County, not Harlan. The family is in Harlan in 1850 [S169], in Laurel in July 1860, and back in Harlan for the marriage of 6 March 1865 [S151]; the birthplace column on both schedules reads only Kentucky. ⚠ Age 22 leans against the tree's 8 April 1837 without overturning it. Reference day 1 June 1860; 22 requires a birth between 2 June 1837 and 1 June 1838, and born 8 April 1837 he is 23. Neither schedule carries a month or a day, so the day is untouched and only the year is in question — review queue. ⚠ Ancestry indexes him Salman; the image reads Soleman. - S1691850 U.S. Federal Census — James Brock household, District No. 1, County of Harlan, State of Kentucky. Ancestry collection 8054, record 17189309, image
4192493_00369. SCHEDULE I.—Free Inhabitants, enumerated on the 21st day of August 1850; dwelling and family 381/381, lines 20–27, with dwelling 382 next door. Read from the image at full resolution — 3502 × 4498 px, 22 September 2026. Brock, James, 45, Farmer, real estate $600, born Ky; Elizabeth, 46; Caleb 16 (farmer); Sabra 14; Solomon, 12; Mary 9; Mahala 6; Caroline V. 3 — the surname written once on line 20 and dittoed down. Next door, dwelling 382: Brock, Zecheriah, 22, farmer, $100, with Margarett 20, James 2 and Abram 7/12. 🔑 This is the pair to S167, and it turns the CANDIDATE parentage into a two-census chain. Every member of dwelling 381 reappears in Laurel County ten years later at the right age — Caleb 16→26, Sabra 14→Sabrey A. 24, Solomon 12→22, Mary 9→19, Mahala 6→17, Caroline V. 3→Carline C. 13, James 45→56, Elizabeth 46→57 — nobody drops out, and the only addition in 1860 is Hetia C., 10, born after this sheet was taken. Eight people twice, a decade apart, in two counties. ⚠ That is what makes it a chain rather than a one-page guess, and it is still an inference. No record here says son of; published as a candidate, PROBABLE since 24 September 2026. 🔑 A married Brock next door. Zecheriah, 22, born c.1828, with a wife of 20 and two small sons — exactly where an elder son of James who had already married out would sit. A candidate brother, carded and not claimed. 🔑 James Brock's calling changed: a farmer with $600 here and a U.B. clergyman with $700 in 1860 [S167]. Both are on the record and neither should be flattened into the other. 🔑 The given name is written out in full — Solomon, clearer than 1860's Soleman. ⚠ Age 12 leans against 8 April 1837 without overturning it: reference day 1 June 1850, so 12 requires a birth between 2 June 1837 and 1 June 1838, and at 8 April 1837 he is 13. The day is untouched; the year goes to the review queue. ⚠ The birthplace column names a state, not a county. ⚠ The enumeration-day digit reads 21; 31 cannot be wholly excluded, and the arithmetic is the same either way. - S454Kentucky, U.S., Death Records, 1852–1965 — Elizabeth Hoskins, Island City, Owsley County, 1911. Ancestry record 750410452. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Probable Elizabeth Hoskins, born 26 April 1831; father James Brock, born Harlan County; mother's maiden name Betsy Howard, born Harlan County. Corrected 26 September 2026 (same image as Ancestry record 600410452, read again): she died 13 May 1911, cerebral apoplexy. The informant, H. D. Peters of Island City, was also the undertaker, and very probably her son-in-law Harden D. Peters, in whose home she lived in 1910 (S748), not a stranger as first written. It is still one statement, made eighty years after her birth, so Betsy's maiden name is treated as probable until a second source agrees.
- S4621830 U.S. Federal Census — Harlan County, Kentucky, p. 117: James Brock. Ancestry record 1858460. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed Line 1, James Brock: one man 20–30, one woman 20–30, three boys under 5. Line 3 is John Howard (20–30, with a wife 20–30) and line 4 Hiram Brock. The same page has a James Brock Senr, a couple aged 50–60. Ancestry hinted the older household, James Brock Senr. The couple on this site is line 1, whose ages fit James (born about 1804) and Betsy (about 1803). James Brock Senr is a candidate father for James, not proven.
- S5801900 U.S. census — Cornett, Clay County, Kentucky, ED 29, sheet 20A. Ancestry record 17518209. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed In the home of William Wilson (born June 1844) and his wife Sabra (born January 1835): Elizabeth Brock, mother-in-law, born March 1803 in Kentucky, 97, widowed, the mother of 13 children, 3 of them living.
- S5811880 U.S. census — Bull Skin, Clay County, Kentucky, ED 24, p. 35. Ancestry record 42003735. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed James Brock, 74, a cooper, born in Kentucky, his parents born in Virginia; Elizabeth, 76. The next household is William Wilson, 34, and Sabra, 46.
- S6301870 U.S. census — Buffalo Precinct, Owsley County, Kentucky, p. 6 (Booneville post office). Ancestry record 18775011. Image examined, read 25 September 2026. Confirmed Dwelling 33, enumerated 13 August 1870: James Brock, 66, minister of the gospel, personal estate $340, born Kentucky; Elizabeth, 64, keeping house; Hiram Hoskins, 13, farm labour; Lee Hoskins, 2. Dwelling 35: William H. Wilson, 36, farmer, and Sabra, 30, with five children.
- S11601840 U.S. census, Harlan County, Kentucky (one sheet, no page number legible). Ancestry record 1263558. Image examined in the Stage 2 reading, 25 September 2026. Probable James Brock, head: males under 5 (2), 5–10 (1), 10–15 (1), 15–20 (1) and 30–40 (1); females under 5 (1), 5–10 (1) and 30–40 (1); nine in all. Neighbours on the same sheet include Amy Brock, Jesse Brock Jr., and the Howard households of James, William Jr., William J., Benjamin and Phillip Howard. The 1840 census names heads only. The identification rests on the age brackets (a man and a woman 30–40, two boys under five) and the county, which is the county of the 1850 household (S169).
Top